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Along with the so-called Kok Turks (aka Gokturks), the Uyghurs were one of the largest and most enduring Turkic-speaking peoples living in Central Asia.
They existed as a tribal federation ruled by the Juan Juan from 460-545, and then by the Hephthalites from 541-565 before being taken over by the Gokturk Khaganate. Known as Huihe (?? huíhé) and Huihu in Chinese sources, they established a khanate in the 8th century when they displaced the Gokturks. Their ethnonym Huihu is the origin of the term Huihui (??) used for Muslims which is now used for the Hui nationality in China.